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Note 16.0 KXT11-CA Development Tools No replies
JAWS::KAISER 388 lines 25-MAR-1985 09:21
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| d i g i t a l | | uNOTE # 016 |
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| Title: KXT11-CA Software Development Tools | Date: 16-OCT-84 |
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| Originator: Scott Tincher | Page 1 of 7 |
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The KXT11-CA is a single board computer (SBC) which executes the PDP-11
instruction set. It may be utilized as a stand-alone SBC or interfaced
to the Q-bus as a peripheral processor or as an intelligent I/O
processor (IOP). This article will describe the software tools
available to develop applications in either the stand-alone mode or the
IOP mode.
The KXT11-CA features:
o T11 Microprocessor which implements the PDP-11
instruction set
o 32K bytes of on-board static RAM
o Two 28-pin sockets for up to 16K bytes of
additional RAM or 32K bytes of ROM
o Three serial line units:
o One asynchronous DL compatible line (RS232)
o One synch/asynch line with modem control
(RS449)
o One synch/asynch with data and timing only
(RS449)
o 20 programmable parallel I/O lines
o Three 16-bit programmable interval timers
o 2-channel DMA controller
o Q-bus interface
o Four diagnostic LEDs
The Q-bus interface of the KXT11-CA allows up to 14 KXT11-CAs to be
added to a traditional Q-bus system. As a slave device the KXT11-CA
offloads the arbiter CPU's processing activities by providing real-time
I/O data buffering, preprocessing, and high speed communications.
The KXT11-CA is especially suited for applications with critical
interrupt latency requirements or applications that must service a high
frequency of interrupts. The KXT11-CA may also be used as a
computational engine in applications where it is possible to partition
the application to run in parallel.
Page 2
The software development environment for systems which utilize
KXT11-CAs is slightly different from that of the traditional Q-bus
system. The system programmer must develop application programs for
each KXT11-CA in the system in addition to the application code which
runs on the arbiter CPU. Different software application tools are
available for the arbiter and "onboard" environments. (When used in
stand-alone mode only the onboard environment need be considered.)
THE ARBITER ENVIRONMENT
The arbiter system may run under any of the following operating
systems:
o MicroPower/Pascal
o RT-11
o RSX-11M
o RSX-11M-PLUS
Each of these operating systems offers a device handler for the
two-port RAM of the KXT11-CA as well as a utility for loading
application programs across the Q-bus into the KXT11-CA. A
MicroPower/Pascal application may be coded in Pascal and MACRO-11.
RT-11 and RSX-11 applications will be coded in MACRO-11 or a high level
language, such as FORTRAN, which is capable of issuing programmed
requests (RT-11) or QIO directives (RSX-11).
USING A MICROPOWER/PASCAL ARBITER SYSTEM
If the arbiter system controlling the application is running in a
MicroPower/Pascal environment there are KXT11-CA specific functions
available to aid in program development. The first component is the KX
device handler. This handler provides the arbiter-side interface to
the two-port RAM of the KXT11-CA. The KX handler supports up to 14
KXT11-CAs on the Q-bus. Two functions are supplied which simplify the
interface between the application program and the KX handler. These
functions are:
o KX_write_data: Transfer data from an arbiter
buffer to a KXT11-CA process and return a
completion-status value.
o KX_read_data: Transfer data from a KXT11-CA
process to an arbiter buffer and return a
completion-status value.
MicroPower/Pascal also provides a function which transfers a
MicroPower/Pascal .MIM file from the arbiter to a KXT11-CA. This
function, KXT_LOAD, reads a .MIM file from the arbiter and initiates a
DMA transfer using the DTC of the KXT11-CA to transfer the file to the
KXT11-CA's local memory. This procedure may be called at any time by
the arbiter's application program - not necessarily at system startup
time.
Page 3
MicroPower/Pascal also supplies the symbolic debugger PASDBG. PASDBG
supplies the following features:
o A set of debugger commands and qualifiers that
allow for control of an executing program.
o Access to the symbol table generated by the
Pascal compiler, providing symbolic (Pascal
language) referencing and variable access.
o Access to process control variables and
structures.
o Control of an application system not configured
for terminal I/O.
o A method for user control after an execution
error.
o A method for loading a program on the application
system while PASDBG is running on a host
computer.
USING AN RT-11 OR RSX-11 ARBITER SYSTEM
If the arbiter system controlling the application is running in a RT-11
or RSX-11 environment there are tool kits available to aid in program
development. They are the KXT11-C/RT-11 Peripheral Processor Tool Kit
(QJV51) and the KXT11-C/RSX-11 Peripheral Processor Tool Kit (QJV52).
There are two major components in each of these tool kits. They are
the KX device handler and the KUI utility program.
The KX device handler manipulates the two-port RAM of the KXT11-CA so
that it appears to be a standard Q-bus I/O device. The KUI utility
program allows programs to be loaded into a peripheral processor from
the arbiter, performs debugging operations, starts execution of KXT11-C
programs, and initiates KXT11-CA selftests.
The KX handler supplied with the RT-11 tool kit supports up to four
KXT11-CAs where each KXT11-CA appears as two logical units. More than
four KXT11-CAs may be supported by editing, renaming, and rebuilding
the KX handler.
The following RT-11 programmed requests are supported by the KX
handler:
o .OPEN - associates a user-specified channel
number with a logical unit number of the
KXT11-CA.
o .CLOSE - frees a previously opened channel for
use with another device or file.
Page 4
o .READ - transfers data from a peripheral
processor to an arbiter buffer. (.READ, .READW,
.READC)
o .WRITE - transfers data from an arbiter buffer to
a peripheral processor. (.WRITE, .WRITEW,
.WRITEC).
The KX handler supplied with the RSX-11 tool kit supports up to 14
KXT11-CAs. The KX handler assigns a unit number for each data channel
in each KXT11-CA two-port RAM. This handler supplies the following
RSX-11 I/O requests:
o IO.RVB - Read a virtual block of data from the
device unit unit specified in the macro call.
o IO.WVB - Write a virtual block of data to a
physical device unit.
o IO.ATT - Attach a physical device to the control
of the task which issued the request.
o IO.DET - Detach a physical device from the
control of the task which issued the request.
Included in the RT-11 and RSX-11 tool kits is the KUI (KXT11-CA User
Interface) utility program. The KUI program has several commands which
supply the following functions:
o @ - Process commands from the specified indirect
command file.
o CLOSE - Close the file specified in the LOG
command.
o EXECUTE - Start a program on the specified
KXT11-CA.
o EXIT - Exit the KUI utility and return to the
operating system.
o LOAD - Load a program from the arbiter's mass
storage to arbiter memory. Then perform a DMA
operation to transfer the image to the specified
peripheral processor's memory. KUI under RT-11
supports the transfer of .SAV, .LDA, and .MIM
files. KUI under RSX-11 supports the transfer of
.TSK and .MIM files.
o LOG - Record all commands, status information,
and messages during this terminal session in the
specified file. The CLOSE command terminates the
logging session.
Page 5
o ODT - Executes the octal debugging tool (ODT).
This tool allows the arbiter system to examine
and modify the contents of registers and memory
local to a KXT11-CA. ODT may also be used to
start or halt a program.
o REINIT - Reinitialize the specified peripheral
processor and reboot it's application.
o RESUME - Causes a SUSPENDed command file to
continue execution.
o SELFTEST - Causes one or more of several
diagnostic programs to execute.
o SET - Specifies a peripheral processor as the
target for subsequent commands.
o SHOW - Displays information about the state of
the peripheral processor.
o SUSPEND - Used in an indirect command file to
halt execution of the file. The RESUME command
can return control to the command file.
o TRAP - performs a trap emulation so that a trap
handling routine can be tested.
THE ONBOARD PROGRAMMING ENVIRONMENT
The KXT11-CA may be programmed in either MACRO-11 or MicroPower/Pascal.
MicroPower/Pascal provides the ability to program the onboard devices
in a high-level language, Pascal. In particular MicroPower/Pascal
provides the following device handlers:
o DD: This handler supports the TU58 tape drive.
It allows the TU58 to be interfaced to any of the
asynchronous I/O channels.
o KK: This handler manipulates the two-port RAM
from the KXT11-CA side in the KX/KK protocol.
This protocol allows the KK handler to pass
variable length messages to the arbiter system by
emulating a traditional Q-bus slave device. Two
functions are supplied which simplify the
interface between the user's application code
and the KK handler. These functions are:
o KK_read_data: transfer data from the arbiter
to a KXT11-CA buffer and return a
completion-status value.
o KK_write_data: transfer data from a KXT11-CA
buffer to the arbiter and return a
completion-status value.
Page 6
o QD: This handler supports the two-channel DMA
transfer controller (DTC). The QD handler
enables the DTC to move data from source to
destination without the aid of the CPU. One
location, source or destination, must be local to
the KXT11-CA. The QD handler may be used for the
following functions:
o Transfer data to and from Q-bus memory.
o Transfer data to and from local memory.
o Search for data.
o Transfer to and from local I/O devices.
o Access the Q-bus I/O page.
o Assure access to a DMA Channel.
o XL: Supports asynchronous communications on the
three serial ports of the KXT11-CA. The first
port is a standard DL device. The second port is
channel A of the multiprotocol chip. This
channel is supported with full modem controls.
The third port is channel B of the multiprotocol
chip. This channel is supported as though it
were a standard DL device. All three channels
may be operated simultaneously.
o XS: Supports synchronous operation of channel A
of the multiprotocol chip. The handler provides
the following bit-oriented communication
procedures:
o Synchronization (Flag detection)
o Transparency (Bit stuffing)
o Invalid frame detection
o Frame abortion detection
o Frame check sequence (FCS)
checking/calculation
The handler can be used by user-written software as
a component in performing bit-oriented protocols
such as X.25, HDLC, SDLC, and others.
o YK: Supports the parallel I/O port and the three
counter-timers. The handler provides the
functions of read, write, pattern recognition,
DMA read, DMA write, counter-timer set,
counter-timer read, and counter-timer clear.
Typical parallel port operations are:
Page 7
o Transferring a series of bytes or words
through a port with handshake protocol.
o Setting or reading the bits of external state
lines.
o Generating a time base to software.
o Generating a waveform for external output.
o Counting pulses from an external input.
These MicroPower/Pascal device handlers do not support all of the
functions of the onboard devices of the KXT11-CA. For this reason, or
because of preference, the application code for the KXT11-CA may also
be written in MACRO-11.
RELATED DOCUMENTS
For further information pertaining to the KXT11-CA and it's software
development tools please reference the following materials:
KXT11-CA Single-Board Computer User's Guide EK-KXTCA-UG
KXT11-C Peripheral Processor Software User's Guide AA-Y615A-TK
